脑震荡教练员须知
事实
- 脑震荡是一种脑部损伤.
- 所有的脑震荡都很严重.
- Concussions can occur without loss of consciousness.
- 脑震荡在任何运动中都可能发生.
- Recognition and proper management of concussions when they first occur can help prevent further injury or even death.
什么是脑震荡?
脑震荡是对头部的打击, neck or body that leads to symptoms such as headache, 头晕或迷糊. Concussion is a result of microscopic injury to the brain, 在大多数情况下, 在脑部扫描中检测不到吗.
脑震荡会发生什么?
A blow to the head, neck or body can cause the brain to move quickly back and forth inside the skull. Such injuries also can result in a rotational injury in which the brain twists, potentially causing shearing of the brain nerve fibers. It is not yet known exactly what happens to brain cells in a concussion, but changes in chemical function appear to be involved. 结果是, this injury to the brain can lead to a wide spectrum of symptoms and puts extra demands on the body to recover.
脑震荡有多常见?
Concussions are the most common type of head injury. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the most common cause of concussions is motor vehicle accidents, but falls are the most common cause in infants and the elderly, while sports accidents are the most common in adolescents. Males are about three times more likely to suffer a concussion than females.
脑震荡的症状是什么?
Symptoms of concussions differ for each person and with each injury. Symptoms may not be noticeable right away and may develop in the hours or days following an injury, 或者当正常生活的需求恢复时. As such, it is important that you contact your doctor right away if you develop symptoms. 如果你的头部受到重击, neck or body and you aren't "feeling like yourself" or "normal," seek medical help from a specialist who has experience in recognizing and managing concussion.
Eighty to ninety percent of people with a concussion recover quickly and fully, 但对一些人来说, 症状可能持续数周甚至数月. Older adults, young children and teens usually take the longest to recover from concussions. 除了, 如果你过去有过脑震荡, 你患另一种癌症的风险更大, 而且可能会发现需要更长的时间才能恢复.
脑震荡的常见症状包括:
- 头疼
- 混乱
- 难以记忆或集中注意力
- 平衡问题或头晕
- 感觉迟钝、朦胧、有雾或昏昏沉沉
- 感到烦躁、更情绪化或“情绪低落”
- 恶心或呕吐
- 对光或噪音敏感的
- 重影或模糊
- 反应时间变慢
- Sleep problems (sleeping more than usual, less than usual or having trouble falling asleep)
- 失去知觉
You may find that your symptoms reappear or get worse when you are doing something that requires a lot of concentration, 比如工作, 学习或玩电子游戏, 或者做一些体力活动, 比如运动, 运动或打扫房间.
症状持续多久?
Although more than half of all persons with a minor head injury experience symptoms a week after the injury, 超过80%的患者在一个月内康复. 症状逐渐消失是正常的. A small percentage of patients have symptoms that last longer than six weeks, at which point they are diagnosed with post-concussion syndrome.
What determines individual outcomes in a concussion?
每个人从脑震荡中恢复的情况都不一样. Recovery depends on factors such as a person's age and health before the concussion, 脑震荡的严重程度, whether they have had any other concussions in the past, and how they take care of themselves after the concussion. Your doctor will provide you with specific instructions to aid your recovery.
It is important to note that more than 80 percent of concussions resolve very successfully within the first three weeks following an injury, 如果管理得当的话. 因此, if you think you or your loved one has suffered a concussion, it is critical that you contact your doctor right away. Getting help soon after an injury by a medical provider who is trained in the evaluation and treatment of concussion may improve recovery.
脑震荡的治疗方案是什么?
Treatment will depend on your symptoms, including emotional, physical and cognitive. It is important to note that emotional problems such as anxiety or depression are common. Your provider will develop a specific treatment plan for you and help guide you on the track to recovery.
It is very important that you have physical and mental rest after a concussion because rest helps the brain to heal. Accept that it will take time to re-build your stamina. 只有当你的症状明显减轻的时候, and with your health care professional's consultation, 你应该逐渐恢复正常的生活吗. Sometimes, people find that their symptoms come back or they develop new symptoms. This is a sign that you are doing too much, too soon. Stop these activities and take more time to rest and recover. As the days go by, you can expect to gradually feel better.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.